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Installation
Q1. What governs the position of the fibre-optic cable in the
roadway or footway?
A1. Consultation with the
Cities/Municipalities Streets and Engineering Department describes
proposed location, description and depth of the network including
proposed timetable for commencement and completion of the works and
the dates and times during which the Company proposes to carry out
such works. Further consideration will also be given to accommodate
roadway or footway improvement schedules and may assist with optimal
depth determination.
Q2. What depth should the microduct be installed?
A2. Minimum depth required within
NRSWA, New Roads and Streets Work Act 1991, is 20mm into unbound
layer. Target depth 150mm hard infrastructure, 250mm soft
infrastructure. Actual depth will be determined by the materials found
within the structure and depth of third party plant.
Q3. What is the recommended installation procedure for the microduct?
A3. Most deployments are
engineered to be placed between gutter pan and road surface and at a
depth whereby the opportunity of network compromise is virtually
non-existent.
The microduct is laid directly into the 12mm or 17mm slot, backfilled
to approx. 10mm above top edge of microduct with dry sand, limestone
composite, flowable concrete or City/Municipal recommended material.
Final reinstatement follows guidelines as determined by governing body
and may include grade tarmac to approx 40mm of finished surface level
followed by hot bitumen to finished level.
Q4. Does the microduct network need to be grounded?
A4. Any cable with non-current
carrying metal components must be grounded at the building entrance or
as soon as feasible. The 2002 NESC, section 31, under General
Requirements Applying to Underground Lines and sub-section 315,
Communications Protective Requirements, state that cable must be
grounded if the following conditions apply:
- Lightning
- Contact with supply conductors with voltages exceeding 300V
- Transient rise in ground potential exceeding 300V
- Steady –state Induced voltage of a level that may cause personal
injury
Q5. How many fibres are deployed?
A5. Litaccess' MicroDuct Technique
provides for up to 96 fibres in a single deployment. Depending on
current requirements, clients are now able to purchase what is
immediately needed. No longer does a client have to spend large
amounts of capital for product and services that may never be used.
Our future-proof solution enables clients to control the growth of
their network by allowing additional fibre to be blown at any time.
Q6. How easy does the microduct network integrate with existing
infrastructures?
A6. LAT’s fibre solution was
designed to integrate with any type of existing infrastructure and
technology. Liteaccess' fibre products are color coded in accordance with
TIAIEIA-598A, “Optical Fibre Cable Color Coding”, and terminate into
traditional splice enclosures most typically used within the Telecom
Industry. Use of non-proprietary, common access chambers, handholes,
manholes etc. enables integration of new and existing networks as well
as availability and acceptability of product within cities and
Municipalities. LAT’s microduct is also fully compliant with the
requirements of CEI/IEC 60794-3-10, International Standard for Outdoor
Cables enabling direct bury and aerial application use.
Q7. What is the life of the installed cable?
A7. Based on the life of the
infrastructure in which the cable is placed, we anticipate a lifespan
of greater than 20 years. Another consideration is that the cable can
be completely replaced without affecting customers (provided that
redundancy is deployed), giving the network a potentially endless
life.
Maintenance
Q1. How susceptible to damage are 'LAT’s microduct networks'?
A1. No damage has been experienced
to Lite Access' networks to date. Consultation with local authorities
include consideration of existing route conditions including future
build possibilities, road improvements etc. enabling the design and
engineering of the network in the safest and least vulnerable route.
Once installed, detailed documentation including as-built drawings
will be in the possession of the local authorities and client.
Q2. How can damage be avoided?
A2. Subscribing to 'call before
you dig' services will prevent the majority of events. Also some
education may be required for city maintenance teams who deal with
footway and road repair to ensure detailed documentation and as built
drawings have been obtained and properly analyzed. 'Man-made' or
events having an identical impact on any type of deployment
methodology - namely, related to utility maintenance and construction
not following the correct procedures and checking registered
'as-built' documentation may be possible.
Q3. How does one locate a damaged or broken cable?
A3. In addition to as-built
drawings and typical placement of the network between the gutter pan
and road, LAT’s microduct contains an aluminum layer or tracer wire
that can be used to locate the damaged cable. An OTDR (Optical Time
Domain Reflectometer) can also be used to locate damaged fibres.
Q4. What happens if the fibre is damaged?
A4. In most cases, if the fibre
has been damaged, the microduct network has also been compromised.
Using specially designed connectors providing an air tight and water
tight connection a new section of microduct is connected. The fibre
can then be either spliced at the break location or the broken strands
blown out and new fibre blown in.
Q5. What happens in the event of frost heave?
A5. Liteacccess' microduct technology was
designed as a one piece conduit system containing full water barrier
protection and conforming to or exceeding stringent crush test and
tensile load parameters. Placement of the network in existing
expansion joints such as gutter pan and road, and at depths within the
unbound layer provides further protection from varying external
forces.
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